Which scientist is best known for the theory of evolution by natural selection?
AnswerCharles Darwin
Charles Darwin set out evolution by natural selection in 'On the Origin of Species' in 1859.
Nature · Facts & stats
Adaptive facts & stats
7 fact-checked facts about adaptation in living things, each with the reason behind it. 5 more are in today's round and join this page after it closes.
The basics
What is hibernation?
AnswerA deep, inactive state of lowered metabolism that helps animals survive winter
Hibernating animals slow their heart rate, breathing and body temperature to save energy.
Going deeper
Darwin studied finches with differently shaped beaks on which islands?
AnswerGalápagos Islands
The Galápagos finches' varied beaks, suited to different foods, became a classic example of adaptation.
What are a cactus's spines?
AnswerModified leaves
Cactus spines are modified leaves that reduce water loss and protect the plant.
What color is a polar bear's skin under its fur?
AnswerBlack
Polar bears have black skin under a coat of translucent hairs that look white.
Expert level
What is adaptive radiation?
AnswerOne ancestral species diversifying into many species filling different niches
Examples include Darwin's finches and Hawaiian honeycreepers branching into many specialized forms.
Which cells in the retina are mainly responsible for vision in dim light?
AnswerRods
Rods are very sensitive to low light, which is why night vision is mostly in shades of gray.
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